Southwick 65 the water beetles of miller blue hole, sandusky county, ohio insecta. Phoretic mites and nematode associates of scolytus. The smaller european elm bark beetle overwinters as a larva and changes into a pupa and then into an adult in the spring. Infectivity of eight species of entomogenous fungi to the larvae of the elm bark beetle, scolytus multistriatus marsham volume 95, page 14 an attractant for mushroom flies diptera. Aspects of the feeding behavior of scolytus multistriatus, the primary vector of dutch elm. Your use of this pdf, the bioone web site, and all posted and associated. Dutch elm disease ded is caused by a member of the sac fungi ascomycota affecting elm trees, and is spread by elm bark beetles. Biology of the invasive banded elm bark beetle forest service. Characterization of two nonnative invasive bark beetles, scolytus. Scolytus multistriatus an overview sciencedirect topics. Pdf scolytus multistriatus associated with dutch elm. Attraction of elm bark beetles, scolytus multistriatus, to. This study was initiated to determine whether competitive displacement of s.
Scolytus multistriatus scolmuoverview eppo global database. Scolytus multistriatus marsham, 1802 other system links. Scolytus multistriatus vector of dutch elm disease. Infectivity of eight species of entomogenous fungi to the larvae of the elm bark beetle, scolytus multistriatus marsham volume 95, page 14 an attractant for. Scolytus multistriatus marsham, the smaller european elm bark beetle, is a vector for dutch elm disease ded that in the year 2005 invaded the island of gotland sweden. Scolytus and other economically important bark and ambrosia. The introductions of these taxa range from species that may have invaded over 100150 years ago e. A taxonomic monograph of nearctic scolytus geoffroy coleoptera. The antennae of scolytus multistriatus were examined with light and scanning and transmittingelectron microscopy to determine the distributions, types and structures of sense organs. Smaller european elm bark beetle, scolytus multistriatus marsham, is an introduced bark beetle that is one of the two main vectors of dutch elm disease along with the native elm bark beetle, hylurgopinus rufipes eichhoff in the eastern united states and canada. The biology of some species has been well investigated morge, 1961, 1963. Scolytus multistriatus, the european elm bark beetle or smaller european elm bark beetle, is a bark beetle species in the genus scolytus.
Scolytus multistriatus scolytidae dutch elm beetle. Pdf life history and biology of the elm bark beetle. Smaller european elm bark beetle nc state extension. Comments accidentally introduced to north america, the smaller european elm bark beetle was first reported in canada in 1946, in ontario where its distribution area gradually expends, with the next report occurring in. Scolytus schevyrewi, was much more abundant than the longestablished european elm bark beetle, s. Smaller european elm bark beetle, scolytus multistriatus. The underside of the rear is concave, with a noticeable projection or spine. Elm bark beetle scolytus kashmirensis is a key pest of elm nurseries in the social forestry ecosystem of kashmir. Scolytus jacobsoni is an elm bark beetle occurring in forests of mixed broadleaves with elm trees in asia. The biological and morphological characters of this species were determined both. In southeastern russia, during years of outbreaks s. The book has a number of lists and tables, some of which are very useful. Scolytus multistriatus is the principal vector of the dutch elm disease fungus. Scolytus multistriatus wy cooperative agricultural pest.
Insects and diseases of mediterranean forest systems. A pheromone mixture containing enantiomerically pure. Transmission of ded occurs during maturation feeding of adults on twigs of host trees. Association of ophiostoma novoulmi with scolytus schevyrewi. The elm bark beetle scolytus multistriatus infects elms with ceratocystis ulmi, the pathogen of dutch elm disease. Invasive bark beetles coleoptera, curculionidae, scolytinae. Pyemotidae an important parasite of elm bark beetle scolytus multistriatus in tehran parks. Scolytus multistriatus is a palearctic species with a native. Scolytus multistriatus scolmuphotos eppo global database. Characterization of two nonnative invasive bark beetles. The aim of the present study was to monitor the seasonal flying intensity of s. The smaller european elm bark beetle scolytus multistriatus is a vector for the fungus dutch elm disease ceratocystis ulmi and uses ulnus spp.
Scolytus sexualdimorphismus links weibchen, rechts mannchen. Scolytus and other economically important bark and ambrosia beetles chapter 12 501 areas of pronotum smooth, the arcuately impressed frons and by the nearly contiguous procoxae. Nematode parasites and associates of the smaller european elm. Identification, biology, control and management resources. Johnson1 united states department of agriculture, forest service, wallowa valley office, box a. Dutch elm disease project gutenberg selfpublishing. Two of these are the exotic scolytus multistriatus and scolytus.
The adults of scolytus multistriatus, the european elm bark beetle, fly to the crowns of elm trees and bore a small hole in the twig crotches see picture at top. Synthesis of multistriatin enantiomers and their action on. Cambridge core institutional access books catalogue individuals. Host acceptance and larval competition in the banded scolytus. Integrating biological control into conservation practice roy. Representatives of tylenchorhynchus, ditylenchus, deladenus, bursaphelenchus, aphelenchoides, chambersiella, goodeyus, cylindrocorpus, poikilolaimus, panagrobelus and panagrolaimus occur as ectoparasites and in the egg galleries and larval mines of scolytus multistriatus. This species breeds in all species of elms and the related japanese zelkova, but dutch elm disease is primarily a problem in american elm. Scolytus and other economically important bark and.
Its biology was studied in england in monks wood national nature reserve, cambridgeshire, alice holt forest, surrey, and the new forest, hampshire, in 197783. World heritage encyclopedia, the aggregation of the largest online encyclopedias available, and the most. Role of repellents and deterrents in feeding of scolytus multistriatus dale m. The rate of establishment of nonnative bark beetle species is accelerating in many parts of the world and is considered a serious threat to forests and forest crops. The sexes mate at this time and then the female may bore into the main trunk and lay eggs in her straight galleries. The biology of the oak bark beetle, scolytus intricatus.
Smaller european elm bark beetle scolytus multistriatus. Adults become covered in fungal spores upon emergence from brood material and inoculate elms. Scolytus multistriatus colonizes cut, stressed, weakened and. Scolytus multistriatus marsham, 1802 english common name. The smaller european elm bark beetle, scolytus multistriatus, is dark reddish brown, shiny, and about 1 8 inch long. Larvae are small, white grubs found under the bark of dying or dead elms. A similar blue stain fungus ceratocystis ips is spread among pine trees by the pine engraver ips pini and other bark beetles. Biology and ecology of native and invasive species. Although believed to be originally native to asia, the disease was accidentally introduced into america and europe, where it has devastated native populations of elms that did not have resistance to the disease. Distributional data for exotic bark beetles are urgently needed, but they must be based on sound taxonomy.
The species spectrum was identical and the relative abundance of mites was very similar for both species of scolytids. Journal of agricultural sciences islamic azad university. Journal of agricultural sciences islamic azad university, 278. Five years of trapping efforts for the usda aphis ppq national woodboring bark beetle. Characterization of two nonnative invasive bark beetles, scolytus schevyrewi and scolytus multistriatus coleoptera. Biology larvae overwinter in pupal chambers in bark schreiber and peacock 1979, usda fs 1985, whitten 1960.
Novel and coevolved associations between insects and microorganisms as drivers. Ultrastructure of sensory receptors on the antennae of. Nov 22, 2019 first record and biology of pyemotes scolyti oud. Solomon research entomologist retired, southern forest experiment station, southern hardwoods laboratory, stoneville, mississippi from. Scolytus multistriatus associated with dutch elm disease on. Smaller european elm bark beetle, scolytus multistriatus host. Scolytus multistriatus tunnels on an elm tree killed by dutch elm disease 2014, moscow, russia courtesy. Pdf the taxonomy and biology of eleven genera of economically and ecologically. Moreover, little is known about other fungal species vectored by s.
Another potentially damaging species, the polyphagous shot hole borer, euwallacea nr. Smaller european elm bark beetlescolytus multistriatus marsham. Ilya mityushev, department of plant protection of the russian timiryazev state agrarian university. After maturation feeding and mating in the twig feeding phase, the females attack the main tree bole where they construct a longitudinal egg gal. The smaller european elm bark beetle, scolytus multistriatus, has been the primary vector of the. Smaller european elm bark beetle scolytus multistriatus marsham j. They pupate in spring, and adults emerge through shot holes. Guide to insect borers of north american broadleaf trees and shrubs. Scolytus multistriatus smaller european elm bark beetle.
938 553 693 622 575 1309 1084 578 1174 766 166 1142 932 28 532 314 183 493 787 976 607 141 152 1116 367 412 111 309 682 1049 1385 382 915 797 154